UGC-NET Sample Sociology Question Papers (With Answers)

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Sample sociology questions and answers containing a list of probable questions most likely to come in the upcoming UGC-NET examination! This will also assist the students, teachers, Civil Services, UGC-NET, UPSC & IAS aspirants for their competitive exams!

1. Who were of the opinion that every individual has certain rights which cannot be taken away by any authority?

(a) Locke

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(b) Rousseau

(d) Montesquieu

Ans. (a)

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2. Who had named ‘simple statistics’ as ‘social physics’?

(a) Auguste Comte

(b) Adolphe Quetelet

(d) Condorcet

Ans. (b)

3. Which among the following is not true? Comte, put forth a hierarchical arrangement of the sciences-

(a) in order of main historical emergence and development

(b) in order of dependence upon each other

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(d) in order of their decreasing degree of generality and the increasing degree of complexity

Ans. (c)

4. Who among the following had divided Sociology into two major parts, namely static and dynamic sociology?

(a) Herbert Spencer

(b) Max Weber

(d) Rudolph

Ans. (c)

5. The statement-social static studies social order and social dynamic studies social change or progress in societies-is

(a) True

(b) False

(d) Can’t be said

Ans. (a)

6. In which process is the individual united with the group?

(a) Integration

(b) Socialization

(d) Accommodation

Ans. (a)

7. When the individual stands up against the group the process is called

(a) Conflict

(b) Competition

(d) Un-socialisation

Ans. (c)

8. When the individual is ex-communicated or the membership of the group is prohibited for him/her the process is called

(a) isolation

(b) cooperation

(d) discrimination

Ans. (a)

9. The process of learning that takes place in a group situation is called

(a) Socialisation

(b) Culturisation

(d) Acculturation

Ans. (a)

10. Whose definition is this – “Personality indicates the individuals organised tendency of working, seeing, thinking and feeling?”

(a) W. F. Green

(b) New Comb

(d) R.E. Park

Ans. (b)

11. Who among the following practice polyandry?

(a) Hos, Todas, Nambudris

(b) Todas, Kotas, Khasas

(d) Nadan, Ongis, Jarwas

Ans. (b)

12. Marriage is a

(a) Folkway

(b) More

(d) Social norm

Ans. (c)

13. Which among the following is known as Sharda Act (1929)?

(a) Sati Prohibition Act

(b) Widow Remarriage Act

(d) Child Marriage Restraint Act.

Ans. (d)

14. Relatives born out through marriage ties are called

(a) Affinal kin

(b) Consanguineal kin

(d) Cognatics

Ans. (a)

15. Cross-cousin marriage is prevalent among

(a) Gond of M.P.

(b) Meenas of Rajasthan

(d) Todas of Tamil Nadu

Ans. (a)

16. Rampur village study conducted by Oscar Lewis was about

(a) Caste system in Indian village

(b) Jajmani system

(d) Agricultural production

Ans. (b)

17. A perfect market is

(a) where prices are determined by law of supply and demand

(b) where buyers and sellers meet face to face

(d) where goods are not in short supply

Ans. (a)

18. Which one is a private property?

(a) Water

(b) A factory where one works

(d) Copyright of a writer

Ans. (d)

19. Which among the following is untrue regarding capitalism?

(a) Capitalism has stimulated progress

(b) Capitalism has widened the gap between the employer and employee

(d) Capitalism has brought a civilization without culture

Ans. (c)

20. Mark out the features of ceremonial exchange.

1. It involves sentiments

2. It is a social exchange

3. It does not involve immediate return

(a) 3 only

(b) 1 and 2

(d) 1, 2 and 3

Ans. (d)

21. Crime is absent in the villages but it is rampant in the cities because

(a) Villagers have no time to do so

(b) Villages are small and people can be caught easily

(d) The villagers are fatalists and are god fearing people and they shudder at the idea of committing crimes.

Ans. (d)

22. Village settlement is found to exist in

(a) Paleolithic age

(b) Mesolithic age

(d) Early stone age

Ans. (c)

23. The standard of living in the villages is mostly of the same pattern, whereas it varies in the towns because

(a) There is no social disintegration in the villages

(b) There is no industries in the villages

(d) From agriculture the villagers obtain the same type of economic satisfaction facing the same problems.

Ans. (d)

24. Which is not necessarily a dictatorship even though it has a single ruler?

(a) State system

(b) Band

(d) Stateless

Ans. (a)

25. The book ‘Power Elite’ is written by

(a) C.W. Mills

(b) Pareto

(d) R. Dahl

Ans. (a)

26. According to Mahatma Gandhi, the most important part of a state is

(a) Law

(b) Society

(d) Prison

Ans. (c)

27. “Man is a social animal and the state exists for the welfare of individuals in a society.” Whose view is this?

(a) Aristotle

(b) K. Marx

(d) T. Roosvelt

Ans. (a)

28. According to Pareto___________ provided an example of fox type of elite.

(a) European democracies

(b) Democracy

(d) Dictatorship

Ans. (a)

29. ‘Consent’ forms the psychological basis of leadership. This is the opinion of

(a) Evans – Pritchard

(b) L. Coser

(d) M. Weber

Ans. (a)

30. Varna system was started in the

(a) Vedic period

(b) Harappan period

(d) Medieval period

Ans. (a)

31. What aspect of inequality has been neglected by Davis and Moore?

(a) Handsomeness and beauty

(b) Power and authority

(d) Important positions

Ans. (b)

32. Davis and Moore Theory can be universally applied to

(a) Traditional Society

(b) Agricultural Society

(d) Post-industrial Society

Ans. (c)

33. Who says that inequality in post-capitalist society is based on authority-relation?

(a) K. Marx

(b) Ralph Dahrendorf

(d) G. Lenski

Ans. (b)

34. Who holds that social inequality is based on the distribution of power and privilege?

(a) Ralph Dahrendorf

(b) F. Engels

(d) G. Lenski

Ans. (c)

35. Which among the following statements is true according to the Marxist approach?

(a) In India caste and class stratification does not correspond

(b) In India caste and class broadly correspond

(d) In India caste does not have any role to play

Ans. (b)

36. The concept which Mckim Marriott put forward as the opposite of his concept of ‘universalisation’ for explaining social change in village India is

(a) Localisation

(b) Globalisation

(d) Parochialisation

Ans. (d)

37. Aspiration for improvement in caste-status are common but it is not achieved unless a caste acquires

(a) Ritual purity

(b) Marriage alliances

(d) Power

Ans. (c)

38. A unique feature of a mobile society is that it

(a) Possesses a number of automobiles

(b) Passes through a series of changes

(d) Encourages movement from one place to another

Ans. (c)

39. Which among the following denotes positional change?

(a) Modernisation

(b) Westernisation

(d) Social development

Ans. (c)

40. The Shuddhi movement for bringing back to the Hindu fold people converted to other religions from Hinduism was launched by

(a) Arya Samaj

(b) Brahmo Samaj

(d) Prarthana Sabha

Ans. (a)

41. Modernisation of the Indian Society is associated with

(a) Cultural renaissance

(b) Economic development

(d) Changes in cognitive structure

Ans. (c)

42. Who among the following was the pioneer of the trade union movement in India?

(a) M.K. Gandhi

(b) Karl Marx

(d) S.A. Dange

Ans. (d)

43. Who among the following social anthropologists have done a field study of kachin of Burma?

(a) Evans Pritchard

(b) W.H.R. Rivers

(d) Radcliffe Brown

Ans. (c)

44. Who was on the opinion that ‘the difference in mind between man and higher animal is great? It is, certainly one of degree and not of kind’?

(a) Herbert Spencer

(b) Charles Darwin

(d) William Wallace

Ans. (b)

45. What is the percentage of tribal population in India according to 1991 census?

(a) 7.0

(b) 7.6

(d) 15.0

Ans. (c)

46. Who among the following proposed the scheme of ‘National Parks’ with regard to Tribal development in India?

(a) Hulton

(b) G.S. Ghurye

(d) T.N. Madan

Ans. (c)

47. G.S. Ghurye described Indian tribes as a

(a) Scheduled tribes

(b) Backward Hindus

(d) Adimanav

Ans. (b)

48. Among the following causes of mortality, which do you attribute to society?

(a) Spread of communicable diseases

(b) High rate of capital punishment

(d) Child infanticide

Ans. (d)

49. The word ‘Optimum Population’ means

(a) Maximum population size

(b) Best population size

(d) High rate of fertility

Ans. (b)

50. Which among the following states has the largest population?

(a) Madhya Pradesh

(b) Uttar Pradesh

(d) Maharashtra

Ans. (b)

51. The population of India is steadily increasing particularly in the metropolis and cities. The causes of this increase are many, therefore, the population check is most urgently required in the

(a) Metropolis

(b) Cities

(d) Villages

Ans. (d)

52. Age specific birth rate is marked by

(a) The number of births annually per thousand persons of total population

(b) The number of births annually per thousand in the 15-49 child bearing ages

(d) Children of a particular age group say 5-9 or 9-14 years.

Ans. (c)

53. Which among the following is an unconscious method of population control?

(a) Using contraceptives

(b) Limiting the size of family

(d) Taboos on sexual intercourse

Ans. (d)

54. According to the theory of demographic transaction, in the pre-transitional stage

(a) Both death rates and the birth rates are high

(b) Death rate is low but birth rate is high

(d) Both death rate and birth rates are low

Ans. (a)

55. Which of the following state accounts for the minimum number of scheduled caste population?

(a) Arunachal Pradesh

(b) Mizoram

(d) Tripura

Ans. (b)

56. Who has observed this?

“The Mahar were the first people to serve the British officers and their wives as butlers, butchers and ayah and being a beef-eating group, the Mahar did not mind working for the foreign, beef eating master.”

(a) Sunanda Patwardhan

(b) M.N. Srinivas

(d) Pauline Kolenda

Ans. (a)

57. Who laid emphasis on horizontal mobilisation of the scheduled castes and made them a political force to reckon with?

(a) M.K. Gandhi

(b) B.R. Ambedkar

(d) Narayana Guru

Ans. (b)

58. Who set up the Scheduled Caste Federation in 1942?

(a) B.R. Ambedkar

(b) M.K. Gandhi

(d) Jagjiwan Ram

Ans. (a)

59. Who wanted the Harijans to be integrated into the Hindu society and tried to raise the consciousness of the upper castes through a country wide campaign against untouchability and other constructive work?

(a) E. Ramaswami Naicar

(b) M.K. Gandhi

(d) B.R. Ambedkar

Ans. (b)

60. Which Article deals with this?

The state has given the responsibility to promote the educational and economic interests of the scheduled castes and protect them from social injustice and all forms of exploitation.

(a) 46

(b) 16

(d) 330

Ans. (a)

61. The basic characteristic of social living is

(a) cooperation

(b) competition

(d) consensus

Ans. (d)

62. ‘Culture is man-made part of the environment.’ Who said this?

(a) Kroeber

(b) Tylor

(d) none

Ans. (a)

63. A collectivity of people of a distinct nature in terms of race, descent and culture is referred to as

(a) Race

(b) Ethnicity

(d) Commune

Ans. (b)

64. ‘Primordial collectivities’ is another name given to

(a) cultural units

(b) ethnic groups

(d) tribal groups

Ans. (b)

65. A Hindu ethic consisting of the principles of samsara (belief in the transmigration of souls) and karma (doctrine of compensation) was first mentioned by

(a) Karl Marx

(b) Max Weber

(d) Hutton

Ans. (b)

66. In sociology, who for the first time emphasised social action as the basis for theory?

(a) Talcott Parsons

(b) R.K. Merton

(d) None

Ans. (c)

67. The term wastage is used to devote that:

(a) Children leave schools before they complete the prescribed age or class in education

(b) A lot of amount meant for school education is wasted by authorities

(d) Most rural parents think it a waste of time for their children to attend schools.

Ans. (c)

68. Studying the social status of a population a researcher concluded that Mr. X is socially backward. His conclusion is:

(a) wrong

(b) biased

(d) right

Ans. (c)

69. The population census will have the primary data from:

(a) Registrar General and Census Commissioner

(b) Gram panchayats

(d) None of the above

Ans. (a)

70. Consider the following statements: According to the Imperial Gazetteer of India, a tribe is a:

1. collection of families with a common name

2. community using ancient means of production

3. community speaking a common dialect.

4. community which is usually exogamous.

5. community occupying a common territory.

Which of the above statements are correct?

(A) 1, 2, 3 and 4

(B) 2, 3 and 4

(D) 1, 3 and 5

Ans. (D)

71. The characteristics of peasant societies outlined by Theodore Shanin are:

1. The peasant family farm is the basic unit of a multi-dimensional social organisation.

2. Land husbandry is the main means of livelihood, directly providing the major part of the consumption needs.

3. Specific traditional culture is related to the way of life of small communities

4. The peasants have the underdog position domination of peasants by others.

(A) 1 only

(B) 1, 2 only

(D) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Ans. (D)

72. Who has named his approach as ‘Marxiology’ approach to understand culture and personality in Indian context?

(A) Radhakamal Mukherjee

(B) G. S. Ghurye

(D) D. P. Mukherjee

Ans. (C)

73. Which one of the following sociological concepts is most closely related to social inequality?

(A) Social Stratification

(B) Social Differentiation

(D) Social Control

Ans. (B)

74. The ‘looking glass self’ means that we learn who we are:

(A) by self-feeling

(B) by an act of imitation

(D) by imagining ourselves to be someone else

Ans. (C)

75. The ‘super ego’ according to Freud represents the part of an individual’s personality that was created:

(A) through socialization during the formative years.

(B) through socialization in the old age.

(D) none of the above

Ans. (A)

76. Most of all, sociological study aims at:

(a) Evolution of ethical code

(b) Social reform

(d) Knowledge about human social life

Ans. (d)

77. A sociologist studies:

(a) All aspects of human life

(b) Social aspects of human life

(d) Functional aspects of human life

Ans. (b)

78. A sociologist is:

(a) A reformer

(b) A revolutionary

(d) A preacher

Ans. (c)

79. Who gave the definition, “Sociology is the science of collective behaviour”?

(a) Cuber

(b) Maclver

(d) Kimball Young

Ans. (c)

80. Who gave the definition, “Sociology deals with the behaviour of man in groups”?

(a) Simmel

(b) Tonnies

(d) Maclver

Ans. (c)

81. Sociality is a_________ and socialization is a___________.

(a) Quality, Process

(b) Principle, Biological Inheritance

(d) None of the above

Ans. (a)

82. ________ is the process of communicating information which has no logical or self-evident basis.

(a) Suggestion

(b) Imitation

(d) Accommodation

Ans. (a)

83. Which one of the following is not the cause of individual’s defying society?

(a) Social investigations are never complete

(b) There are social maladjustments

(d) There are no social jealousies

Ans. (d)

84. Who of the following has stressed that social institutions come into existence when material and non-material cultures are elaborated around fundamental human functions?

(a) Gillin and Gillin

(b) Maclver

(d) None of the above

Ans. (c)

85. Who of the following is of the view that in sociological parlance an institution is not of folkways and mores?

(a) Ginsberg

(b) H.E. Barnes

(d) Gillin and Gillin

Ans. (c)

86. _______ has classified groups into in-group and outgroup.

(a) Cooley

(b) Sumner

(d) Simmel

Ans. (b)

87. The classification of group into Primary and Secondary group has been done by —

(a) Cooley

(b) Tonnies

(d) Maclver

Ans. (a)

88. Ethnocentrism:

(a) Is opposed to patriotism

(b) Is near patriotism

(d) Is symbol of world culture

Ans. (b)

89. A person is evaluated to high ______ if he receives rewards which others have not.

(a) Prestige

(b) Status

(d) Position

Ans. (b)

90. According to Parsons in which action the emphasis is on organisation of the flow of gratification-

(a) expressive action

(b) cathectic action

(d) sexual action

Ans. (a)

91. Deviation from norms means:

(a) unwillingness of the members to follow certain norms

(b) the phenomenon which explains that a member’s behaviour is not giving away the behaviour expected from them

(d) members incapacity to follow certain norms

Ans. (b)

92. Who believed that strict adherence to the norms of society itself produces a type of deviance?

(a) Robert K. Merton

(b) Robin M. Williams

(d) Maclver

Ans. (d)

93. The “____ man” was the perfect combination of personality characteristics in a theory devised by W.I. Thomas and Florian Znaniecki.

(a) Imaginative

(b) Mechanistic

(d) Utopian

Ans. (c)

94. _____ in the “struggle for survival”.

(a) Parasites

(b) Dropouts

(d) Failures

Ans. (b)

95. Which of the statements is correct?

(a) Definitions of deviance change over time

(b) Definitions of deviance never change

(d) Deviance is non-relative

Ans. (a)

96. Who among the following says that socialization the process by which the child acquires a cultural content, along with selfhood and personality?

(a) A.W. Green

(b) Maclver

(d) H.T. Mazumdar

Ans. (a)

97. Socialization process takes places in human beings-

(a) during whole life time

(b) during young age

(d) during adulthood

Ans. (a)

98. “Competition is the striving of two or more persons for the same goal which is limited so that all can share it.” This definition has been given by-

(a) Bogardus

(b) Max Weber

(d) Biesanz and Biesanz

Ans. (d)

99. “Competition is a correct method to obtain something which does not exist in a quality sufficient to meet the demand.” Who of the following gave this definition?

(a) Bogardus

(b) Sutherland

(d) Tonnies

Ans. (a)

100. Polyandry is likely to be common in a society where-

(a) male population equals female population

(b) male population is less than female population

(d) none of the above

Ans. (c)

101. Find out the incorrect match-

(a) Probationary marriage – Kuki tribe

(b) Ho – Oportipi

(d) Marriage by trial – Bhil

Ans. (c)

102. The youngest daughter called __________ in a Khasi family is in charge of the family religion and gets the lion’s share of the family property.

(a) Nokna

(b) Kakhadduh

(d) Delingson

Ans. (b)

103. Problem of inheritance is acute in-

(a) extended family system

(b) conjugal family system

(d) nuclear family system

Ans. (c)

104. The two phratries, viz. Tartharol and Teivaliol, are found among-

(a) Todas

(b) Melanesian tribes

(d) Kadars

Ans. (a)

105. In popular Hindi ________ is a classificatory term.

(a) samadhin

(b) tab

(d) ami

Ans. (a)

106. The relatives connected through blood ties are called___________.

(a) affinal kin

(b) consanguineal kin

(d) agnates

Ans. (b)

107. Find out the incorrect match-

(a) Unilinear con-anguineal kingroup – clan

(b) Clan – Exogamy

(d) Matri-patrilocal residence – Murdock

Ans. (c)

108. Ain’t I a Woman?’ which emphasized the plight of black women, is written by:

(a) Sojourner Truth

(b) Angela Davis

(d) Kathleen Cleaver

Ans. (a)

109. Which ideological movement emerged as a response to the large-scale destruction of environment and the subsequent impact on women?

(a) Euphemism

(b) Ecofeminism

(d) Existential Feminism

Ans. (b)

120. SABLA scheme focuses on-

(a) Destitute women

(b) Adolescent girls

(d) Victims of commercial sexual exploitation

Ans. (b)

121. The first Indian woman boxer to clinch gold medal at the Asian Games 2014 is-

(a) Laishram Sarita Devi

(b) Aruna Mishra

(d) Sarjubala Devi

Ans. (c)

122. Subjective class concept locates individuals in the stratification hierarchy according to judgments of-

(a) analyst

(b) society

(d) community

Ans. (c)

123. According to Weber, the status order tends to be-

(a) universalistic and achievement oriented

(b) particularistic and ascriptive

(d) universalistic and ascriptive

Ans. (b)

124. According to Weber, as the division of labour becomes more complex, class-

(a) becomes more advanced

(b) becomes more heterogeneous

(d) none of the above

Ans. (b)

125. _________ constitutes the primary model of the estate system.

(a) Medieval European feudal society

(b) Spanish society

(d) Medieval Indian Society

Ans. (a)

126. The members of an agrarian society exhibit a strong _________ feeling.

(a) communal

(b) nationalistic

(d) out-group

Ans. (c)

127. Trade union is a feature of _____________ society.

(a) agrarian

(b) tribal

(d) industrial

Ans. (d)

128. In an agrarian society, family is a/an _________ unit.

(a) consumption

(b) economic

(d) political

Ans. (b)

129. The action of a manager who wishes to increase productivity is called ___________ action.

(a) emotional

(b) traditional

(d) rational

Ans. (a)

130.___________ is a price setting mechanism and is characterised by bargaining behaviour.

(a) Reciprocity

(b) Potlatch

(d) Capitalism

Ans. (c)

131. Kula exchange system is a classic example of-

(a) redistribution

(b) negative reciprocity

(d) tribal market exchange

Ans. (c)

132. In __________ society, the notion of property is closely related to display and expenditure of wealth rather than to its accumulation.

(a) primitive

(b) modern

(d) industrial

Ans. (a)

133. ____________ consists of ordering and organization of human relations and human effort in order to procure as many necessities of day to day life as possible with the expenditure of minimum effort.

(a) Economic organisation

(b) Political organisation

(d) Means of production

Ans. (a)

134. Which one of the following is a feature of Indian village community?

(a) The people are literate

(b) The people are God fearing

(d) The people are less orthodox

Ans. (b)

135. Which one of the following is NOT a feature of Indian village community?

(a) Orthodoxy

(b) Lack of scientific approach

(d) Widespread literacy

Ans. (d)

136. In India an urban area is treated as one which has a population of more than:

(a) 7500

(b) 10000

(d) 15000

Ans. (b)

137. The larger the city the greater is the-

(a) specialization

(b) religious sanction

(d) incidence of joint family

Ans. (a)

138. Who wrote ‘First Essay on Population’?

(a) Malthus

(b) Marx

(d) Doubleday

Ans. a

139. Malthus believed that___________

(a) population when unchecked, increases in geometrical ratio, subsistence increases only in an arithmetical ratio

(b) population when unchecked, increases in an arithmetical ratio, subsistence increases in geometric ratio

(d) none of above

Ans. a

140.____________ is the ratio of the total registered deaths of a specified year to the total mid-year populations, multiplied by 1000

(a) Crude birth rate

(b) Crude death rate

(d) Infant mortality

Ans. b

141. Who of the following believed that increase in population in many cases helped in the progress and growth of human society and civilisation?

(a) A. Dumont

(b) Frank Fetter

(d) U. Sternberg

Ans. c

142. According to Pareto________ type of elite achieve power because of their ability to take direct and incisive action and tend to rule by force

(a) lions

(b) foxes

(d) stable

Ans. a

143. Find out the incorrect match

(a) Pareto: Lions and foxes elites

(b) Marx: Power elite

(d) Evans Pritchard: study of Nuers of Sudan

Ans. b

144.__________ is institutionalized and involves the right to take certain actions, including decisions to issue commands

(a) Authority

(b) Force

(d) Economy

Ans. a

145. In the past foremost duty of the ruler used to be to

(a) promote religion

(b) promote welfare of the people

(d) increase agricultural production

Ans. a

146. Under the constitution the President shall include a caste in the schedule on the recommendation of:

(a) State Legislature

(b) Parliament

(d) Chief Justice of India

Ans. c

147. Which of the following is NOT one of the constitutional safeguards for the people of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes?

(a) That all shall be provided higher education

(b) That all shall get admission in any part of the country

(d) That there will be no discrimination for admission to any public educational institution

Ans. d

148. Power to include or exclude a caste from the schedule has been given under our constitution to the:

(a) President

(b) State Governor

(d) Parliament

Ans. d

149. Which of the following Art. of the constitution deals with reservation of seats for the scheduled castes and the scheduled tribes in the House of the people?

(a) Art. 330

(b) Art. 331

(d) Art. 333

Ans. a

150. The basic assumption of the evolutionary approach is that –

(a) Societies change

(b) Complex forms develops out of similar ones

(d) Fossil records prove that complex forms develop out of simpler ones.

Ans. (b)

151. The difference between a natural change and a telic change is that

(a) Natural change is the change we notice in nature while telic change is the product of change we notice in human society.

(b) Natural change is the change that occurs without attention while telic change is the product of human direction.

(d) Natural change is the change that occurs with human attention while telic change occurs without human attention.

Ans. (b)

152. Who founded the positive movement?

(a) Woodwards

(b) E.S. Bogardus

(d) Bresanz

Ans. (d)

153. Who among the following has used the concept of social development in place of evolution?

(a) Darwin

(b) Sorokin

(d) Hobhouse

Ans. (d)

154. Which of the following is not a familial institution?

(a) Marriage

(b) Family

(d) Kinship of society

Ans. (c)

155. Which of the following is an economic institution?

(a) Division of Labour

(b) Price-level

(d) Economic structure

Ans. (a)

156. Which of the following is a political Institution?

(a) State

(b) Political Parties

(d) Individualism

Ans. (a)

157. A political institution means:

(a) The institution which gives education of politics

(b) The institution which is based on certain political ideas

(d) The institution which looks after the political affairs of the individuals

Ans. (d)

158. Which of the following is an institution?

(a) Family

(b) Leadership

(d) Environment

Ans. (a)

159. Group is a________ society is a system of relationship.

(a) Collection of human beings

(b) Structure

(d) None of the above

Ans. (a)

160. Society is marked by—

(a) co-operation

(b) conflict

(d) co-operation and conflict

Ans. (d)

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