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List of 150+ India Sociology objective type questions and answers. This will help you to learn about sociology questions and answers which is more likely to be asked in UPSC, UGC-NET, IAS, Civil Services, eligibility tests and other competitive examinations!
1. These two words were from which language
(a) Latin and Greek
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(b) Arabic and Persian
(c) German and French
(d) Spanish and Greek
Ans. (a)
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2. Auguste Comte was of the opinion that sociology is very near to
(a) Anthropology
(b) Social Anthropology
(c) Biology
(d) Physics
Ans. (c)
3. Emile Durkheim’s doctoral thesis was
(a) Division of labour
(b) Suicide
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(c) Hierarchy of Sciences
(d) Elementary forms of religious life
Ans. (a)
4. Anne Sociologique was founded in 1898 by
(a) Saint Simon
(b) Thomas Hobbes
(c) Herbert Spencer
(d) Emile Durkheim
Ans. (d)
5. Who among the following had made a distinction between societies based on status and those based upon contract?
(a) E. Tylor
(b) Sir Henry Maine
(c) Sir James Frazer
(d) M. N. Srinivas
Ans. (b)
6. Sociologists have divided society into hierarchical stages on the basis of
(a) technology, instruments, means of living
(b) technology, use of fire, use of wheel
(c) means of living
(d) economy, means of living
Ans. (a)
7. The first stage of human society was that of
(a) Agriculture
(b) Pastoralist
(c) Hunting and food gathering
(d) Cottage industries
Ans. (c)
8. Prehistorians, anthropologists and sociologists believe that hunting and food gathering stage existed
(a) 2,000 years ago
(b) 2,600 years ago
(c) 36,000 years ago
(d) 5,000 years ago
Ans. (c)
9. The hunting and food gathering stage is further divided into simple and developed stages on the basis of
(a) Use of tools and the animals hunted
(b) Use of stone and no use of stone
(c) Use of fire and no use of fire
(d) Use of wheel and no use of wheel.
Ans. (c)
10. Who classified societies into ‘simple, compound, doubly compound, trebly compound’?
(a) Marx
(b) Comte
(c) H. Spencer
(d) Sorokin
Ans. (c)
11. The rule whereby the married couple establish their own residence is called
(a) Avunculocal residence
(b) Bilocal residence
(c) Patrilocal residence
(d) Neolocal residence
Ans. (d)
12. The system in which a women is shared by the whole group is called
(a) Group marriage
(b) levirate
(c) Polyandry
(d) Endogamy
Ans. (c)
13. It is difficult to determine biological father of the child in
(a) Polyandry
(b) Cross-cousin marriage
(c) Exogamy
(d) Polygyny
Ans. (a)
14. To marry a women of a higher caste is called
(a) Hypogamy
(b) Hipergamy
(c) Castegamy
(d) Sororate
Ans. (a)
15. Identify one major reason for polyandry:
(a) women’s high sexual demand
(b) population explosion
(c) scarcity of women
(d) particular type of economy
Ans. (c)
16. When two individuals compete peacefully for the control of limited resources we speak of competition and when two individuals with conflicting interest haggle over the terms of an exchange we speak of this situation as
(a) Contradiction
(b) Conflicting interests
(c) Bargaining
(d) Contradiction
Ans. (c)
17. The policy of Laissez faire is associated with
(a) Karl Marx
(b) Adam Smith
(c) David Ricardo
(d) Badden Powel
Ans. (b)
18. French sociologist Mauss has done studies on Eskimos regarding
(a) Political structure
(b) Marriage
(c) Gift
(d) Totemism
Ans. (c)
19. Which among the following has not stimulated the economic activities of man most?
(a) The dangers around
(b) According to law living / paying taxes
(c) Sense of enterprise
(d) Domestication of animals
Ans. (a)
20. “Property consists of the rights and duties of one person or group as against all other persons and groups with respect to some scarce goods.” Whose view is this?
(a) Hobhouse
(b) Adam Smith
(c) K. Davis
(d) W. Moore
Ans. (c)
21. Which among the following was the most important condition for the growth of the early cities?
(a) Surplus food production
(b) Increase in population
(c) Discoveries of new trades
(d) Technological innovations
Ans. (c)
22. Cities and towns came into existence due to
(a) Movement of population
(b) Growth of agriculture
(c) Industrialisation
(d) Development of commerce
Ans. (d)
23. The essential characteristic of the rural society is
(a) Individualism
(b) Parochialism
(c) Heterogeneity
(d) Face-to-face relation
Ans. (d)
24. ‘The political master always finds himself vis- a-vis the trained official in the position of a dilettante facing the expert. Whose opinion is this?
(a) Harold Laski
(b) Max Weber
(c) Mosca
(d) W. Pareto
Ans. (b)
25. The local governments are generally entrusted with
(a) The administration of local subjects
(b) Performance of various functions
(c) Developmental functions
(d) Responsible to state government
Ans. (a)
26. What differentiates state from nation?
(a) people
(b) government
(c) territory
(d) sovereignty
Ans. (d)
27. Who among the following were advocates of the conflict theory of stratification?
(a) C.W. Mills, R. Dahrendorf, G. Lenski
(b) C.W. Mills, Parsons, R. Dahrendorf
(c) Goode, Hatt, C.W. Mills
(d) C.W. Mills, R. Dahrendorf, Goode
Ans. (a)
28. The statement “there are some people who are more able than others” may be attributed to
(a) Davis and Moore
(b) Goode and Hatt
(c) Parsons and Merton
(d) Durkheim and Weber
Ans. (a)
29. Which among the following is the oldest?
(a) Cyclical view of social change
(b) Linear view of social change
(c) Evolutionary model of social change
(d) Dialectical model of social change
Ans. (c)
30. Who was of the opinion that ‘revolutions are locomotives of history’?
(a) E. Kant
(b) K. Marx
(c) Hegel
(d) F. Engels
Ans. (b)
31. Tribe may be an example of
(a) Family
(b) Association
(c) Community
(d) Caste
Ans. (c)
32. Which among following is rightly matched?
(a) Samoans – Radcliffe Brown
(b) Taiga – M.S.A Rao
(c) Italian-American – W.F. Whyte
(d) Hopi – Madan
Ans. (c)
33. In which type of societies are the kings usually defied?
(a) Where literacy prevails
(b) Where much of illiteracy prevails
(c) Where people have got a religious attitude
(d) Where religion is far advanced than the prevailing time.
Ans. (d)
34. Which of the following statements is correct?
(a) Demographic studies do not forecast future population movement
(b) Demographic studies attempt to forecast future population movement
(c) Demographic studies only take present stock of population’s size and its structure
(d) Demographic studies only take past account of a population in terms of age, sex and occupation of a population
Ans. (b)
35. Demography is derived from a
(a) Latin word
(b) Greek word
(c) Spanish word
(d) Polynesian word
Ans. (b)
36. Whom of the following has considered Indian tribes as backward Hindus?
(a) Risley
(b) Hutton
(c) Ghurye
(d) T.N. Madan
Ans. (c)
37. Harijans are excluded from the chaturvarna system
(a) as they are out-castes
(b) as they are too inferior to be included in the varna scheme
(c) by the Hindu religious texts
(d) by villagers
Ans. (c)
38. Who introduced the term cross cousin?
(a) Morgan
(b) Tylor
(c) Radcliffe-Brown
(d) Levi Strauss
Ans. (b)
39. Society has been defined as a “web of social relationships” by
(a) Talcott Parsons
(b) Emile Durkheim
(c) R.M. Maclver
(d) R.K. Merton
Ans. (c)
40. The square of standard deviation is called:
(a) variance
(b) co-efficient
(c) mean
(d) None of the above
Ans. (a)
41. After passing your B.Ed. examination, you go back to the same school where you were working before. Which of the following changes should your students notice in your teaching?
(a) They find you better respected among your colleagues
(b) You appear more stylish and better behave than before
(c) There is a feeling of superiority in your movement and treatment of students
(d) They find your giving more opportunities to them to learn themselves
Ans. (d)
42. Consider the following statements:
The decline in death rate in India is primarily attributed to-
1. advancement in medical technology
2. increased health care services
3. family planning programmes
4. nutritious meal programmes
What of the statements given above is/are correct?
(A) 1 only
(B) 2 only
(C) 1 and 2 only
(D) 3 and 4 only
Ans. (C)
43. Durkheim was the first to establish ‘functionalism’ as a distinct approach in sociology. Identify the correct group of sociologists, who further contributed to this approach?
(A) Malinowski, Radcliffe brown, Merton, Parsons
(B) Weber, Marx, Dukheim, Parsons
(C) Merton, Parsons, Dahrendorf, Gluckman
(D) Parsons, Durkheim, Merton, Frazer
Ans. (A)
44. How can the transformation from feudalism to capitalism be understood?
(A) Change in values
(B) Change in system
(C) Change of system
(D) Change of political system
Ans. (B)
45. Identify the characteristic of community among the following:
(A) Collective life
(B) Voluntary membership
(C) Temporary membership
(D) Definite goal
Ans. (A)
46. Which among the following is not an example of social institution?
(A) Church services
(B) Marriage
(C) Tradition of dowry
(D) Procession
Ans. (C)
47. What does the social relationship primarily involve?
(A) Institutions
(B) Religion
(C) Consciousness of other people
(D) Associations
Ans. (C)
48. A group organised to achieve a certain purpose is known as which among the following?
(A) Institution
(B) Community
(C) Association
(D) State
Ans. (C)
49. Which founder of sociology believed societies changed due to class struggle?
(a) Emile Comte
(b) Karl Marx
(c) Plato
(d) Herbert Spencer
Ans. (b)
50. The difference between positivism and anti-positivism relates to:
(a) whether individuals like or dislike their society
(b) whether research methods use statistical data or person- to-person research
(c) whether sociological studies can predict or improve society
(d) all of the above
Ans. (c)
51. Which would a quantitative sociologists use to gather data?
(a) A large survey
(b) A literature search
(c) An in-depth interview
(d) A review of television programs
Ans. (a)
52. Weber believed humans could not be studied purely objectively because they were influenced by:
(a) drugs
(b) their culture
(c) their genetic makeup
(d) the researcher
Ans. (b)
53. Which of these theories is most likely to look at the social world on a micro level?
(a) Structural functionalism
(b) Conflict theory
(c) Positivism
(d) Symbolic interactionism
Ans. (d)
54. Sociology is characterized by a perspective that places in the foreground:
(a) Individual
(b) Man’s inborn instincts
(c) Social interaction
(d) Unique social events
Ans. (c)
55. Which statement is not acceptable to sociological perspective?
(a) Man has always been in association with other men
(b) Man is a social animal
(c) Man is taught by society to exhibit hostility in some situations and friendliness in others
(d) Man is most biologically determined species of all
Ans. (d)
56. While studying human behaviour, the sociologist:
(a) Attempts to justify the values of the society to which he belongs
(b) Discards values as they are a source of bias
(c) Determines which values are of greater worth
(d) Treats values as data which he studies
Ans. (d)
57. A sociologist is primarily interested in:
(a) The way in which human being mutually influence each other
(b) Anything which is related in a causal way to the behaviour of man
(c) The individuals, since he is convinced that it is individual who make society
(d) The similarities between human behaviour and the behaviour of other animals
Ans. (a)
58. Most important goal of sociology is:
(a) Understanding society
(b) Prediction of future events that may occur in society
(c) Control of events in societies
(d) To bring about revolutionary changes in society
Ans. (a)
59. Animal society is based on__________ whereas human society is based on:
(a) Instincts, Reason
(b) Sex drives, Cultural needs
(c) Strength, Knowledge
(d) None of these above
Ans. (a)
60. Polyandry and transient marriage relations were more common in primitive times than monogamy or polygamy. This view is followed from:
(a) Patriarchal theory
(b) Polyandry theory
(c) Matriarchal theory
(d) Metronymic theory
Ans. (c)
61. Matriarchal theory about the origin of society was supported by:
(a) Hobbes
(b) Sir Henry Maine
(c) Herbert Spencer
(d) None of the above
Ans. (b)
62. The process of imitation may be perceptual or:
(a) Conscious
(b) Deliberate
(c) Spontaneous
(d) Ideational
Ans. (d)
63. Patriarchal theory about the origin of society believes that:
(a) Society was given to man by God
(b) Society resulted because of use of force
(c) Society became possible as a result of expansion of family headed by mother
(d) Society became possible as a result of expansion of family headed by father
Ans. (d)
64. Individual defies society because society frustrates individual’s attempt for the sake of:
(a) Promoting group interests
(b) Collective interests
(c) Elite interests
(d) Interests of weaker sections of society
Ans. (b)
65. One of the important limitations on our social life in our modem times is:
(a) Growth of industry
(b) Growth of science and technology
(c) Growth of agriculture
(d) Process of standardisation
Ans. (d)
66. Which of the following is not essential characteristic of society?
(a) It is concrete
(b) It is abstract
(c) In it no one is independent
(d) It is well organised
Ans. (a)
67. Social institutions exist or continue on account of:
(a) Differences
(b) Likeness
(c) Without care for differences
(d) Without care for likeness
Ans. (b)
68. Freud has compared _________ with the horse and with its rider:
(a) Id, Super ego
(b) Ego, Super ego
(c) Id, Ego
(d) Super ego, Id
Ans. (c)
69. Institutional structure of a political institution is:
(a) Form of government
(b) Participation behaviour of voters
(c) Extent of judicial impartiality
(d) Relationship of executive with judiciary
Ans. (a)
70. Institutional structure of religion is:
(a) Religious scriptures
(b) Priest
(c) Church
(d) Rituals
Ans. (c)
71. Which one of the following is not true of institutional structures?
(a) These are definite entries for social operation
(b) These exist in concrete form
(c) These exist in discrete form
(d) These give expression to institutionalised complexes
Ans. (c)
72. Society can be properly studied if latent and manifest functions are:
(a) Kept separate from each other
(b) Allowed to come closer to each other
(c) Are made contradictory to each other
(d) Are not allowed to interfere with each other
Ans. (b)
73. Who has tried to divide the functions of an institution as manifest and latent?
(a) K. Davis
(b) Maclver
(c) Gillin & Gillin
(d) Merton
Ans. (d)
74. A group is an_________.
(a) organic whole
(b) artificial creation
(c) organized gathering
(d) natural growth
Ans. (b)
75. “In group” and “out group” is the classification of groups given by:
(a) Sumner
(b) Giddings
(c) Elword
(d) Ward
Ans. (a)
76. A culture group that has relinquished some of it traditions and separate identity and partially accepted the values and ways of another culture, is called _____.
(a) Institutional group
(b) Marginal group
(c) Acculturated group
(d) Trans-cultured group
Ans. (b)
77. Which of the following is a quasi-group?
(a) Nation
(b) Political party
(c) Status group
(d) Tribe
Ans. (c)
78. Find out the incorrect match-
(a) Sumner-In group and out group
(b) Cooley-Ethnocentrism
(c) Mead-Significant others
(d) Simmel-Monad, Dyad and Triad
Ans. (b)
79. Parsons called the distribution of various roles among the actor in a social system as:
(a) division of labour
(b) allocation
(c) role-set
(d) stratification
Ans. (b)
80. Any action involving the collective pursuit of collective goals is called-
(a) organization
(b) labelling
(c) politics
(d) dysfunction
Ans. (c)
81. The social action in which individuals strive against each other for the possession of some limited material or non- material good is called-
(a) struggle
(b) accommodation
(c) conflict
(d) competition
Ans. (d)
82. The process in the actor situation individual in the case of a group is called-
(a) Cooperation
(b) Gratification
(c) Action
(d) Integration
Ans. (a)
83. Which was of the view that functions refer to the objective consequences of patterned elements, e.g. roles, customs, norms and modes of behaviour?
(a) Durkheim
(b) R. Firth
(c) Merton
(d) Parsons
Ans. (c)
84. ____________ refers to observance of social norms.
(a) Goals
(b) Integration
(c) Value-orientation
(d) Pattern-maintenance
Ans. (c)
85. The motivational orientation which supplies energy to the actor, according to Parsons is:
(a) cognitive, adaptive, and evaluative
(b) cognitive, cathectic and evaluative
(c) cathectic, cognitive, and adaptive
(d) cognitive, expressive and cathectic
Ans. (b)
86. Social system, cultural, personality and biological system, according to Parsons are __________ of human action system.
(a) need dispositions
(b) goals
(c) values
(d) sub-systems
Ans. (d)
87. According to Parsons, actor’s orientation to the situation is-
(a) both motivational and value-orientational
(b) motivational
(c) value-orientational
(d) none of the above
Ans. (a)
88. According to Parsons, _________ is made up of the interaction of human individuals.
(a) action
(b) adaptation
(c) social system
(d) pattern-maintenance
Ans. (c)
89. Belief system is a fact of life. Which among the following has contributed to its development?
(a) the feeling of fear
(b) the desire to understand the supernatural
(c) man’s experiment with truth
(d) all
Ans. (d)
90. Which one of the following is usually not adopted as method for convincing the people that religious belief system should be strong?
(a) that the system is based on the voice of God
(b) that its violation will displease supernatural powers
(c) that its violation will revolutionize their social system
(d) that it will result in loss of money
Ans. (a)
91. When religious belief systems come in conflict with each other, the result is:
(a) violent religious outbursts
(b) changes in trade systems
(c) changes in marriage systems
(d) changes in materialistic outlook
Ans. (c)
92. Religious belief systems are usually based on:
(a) materialistic approaches
(b) are closely linked with each other
(c) moral approaches to the problems
(d) none of the above
Ans. (b)
93. Social change and belief system:
(a) are loosely linked with each other
(b) are closely linked with each other
(c) are not linked with each other
(d) are indirectly linked with each other
Ans. (b)
94. Religious belief system:
(a) does not create frustrations at all
(b) always creates frustrations
(c) at times creates frustration
(d) has nothing to do with frustration
Ans. (d)
95. In the religious belief system of the Hindus which of the following is not true?
(a) it believes in transmigration of the soul
(b) it believes in karma theory
(c) it believes in salvation
(d) it does not believe in the theory of transmigration of soul
Ans. (a)
96. In belief system the Hindus:
(a) believe in karma theory
(b) do not believe in karma theory
(c) believe but only partially in karma theory
(d) completely disown karma theory
Ans. (a)
97. Belief system is usually:
(a) linked with supernatural power
(b) not linked with supernatural power
(c) disassociated from the super-natural power
(d) none of the above is true
Ans. (c)
98. Belief system in all the societies:
(a) is imposed on the people by the rulers
(b) is imposed on the people by the feudal lords
(c) develops gradually and slowly
(d) is exchanged between the societies
Ans. (d)
99. Which of the following is not a sanction behind the norms?
(a) Law
(b) Religion and morality
(c) Education
(d) Customs and public opinion
Ans. (c)
100. To a considerable extent the norms that apply to a particular actor are ranked in some order of procedure. This built- in-arrangement is called:
(a) Conformity
(b) Deviation
(c) Hierarchy
(d) Socialization
Ans. (c)
101. Any conflict in norms that apply to the same actor, inevitable results in deviation. This is called —
(a) Insulation
(b) Socialization
(c) Conformity
(d) Integration
Ans. (d)
102. _________ is action that is oriented to social norms and falls within the band of behaviour permitted by the norm.
(a) Value
(b) Conformity
(c) Integration
(d) Accommodation
Ans. (b)
103. Mark the correct statement out of the following:
(a) Nearly everyone is deviant in society
(b) Leaders are not deviant people
(c) Thinkers are never deviants in the absolute sense of the word
(d) Deviance does not cause and damage to the society
Ans. (a)
104. Which one of the following does not fall under the category of deviant behaviour?
(a) Quarrel of a child with his father
(b) Addiction to drugs
(c) Prostitution
(d) None of the above
Ans. (a)
105. Select the correct statement out of the following-
(a) Deviant behaviour helps in creating new norms
(b) All forms of deviations are socially useful
(c) Deviation from norms makes the society up to date
(d) Deviance should be encouraged to the maximum
Ans. (a)
106. Which of the following is not a good point in deviant behaviour?
(a) Deviant behaviour helps in creating new norms
(b) Deviant behaviour helps in adopting a culture
(c) Deviant behaviour shown by preceding generation may become the norms of the succeeding generation
(d) Deviant behaviour helps in creating reshuffle which may be useful for a group
Ans. (d)
107. What is institutionalised evasion?
(a) The evasion of norms established by some institutions
(b) The evasion which is imported by some institution
(c) When norms of evasion are recognised and sanctioned by a group it is institutionalised norm
(d) When an institution is established to train the individuals to evade some norms
Ans. (c)
108. When Lord Buddha renounced his crown, he showed deviant behaviour. It was due to-
(a) Personal factors
(b) Anomie
(c) The causes explained by the physical type theories
(d) Failures in the process of socialization
Ans. (a)
109. Which among the following is true of superego?
(a) It is the internalization of custom and culture as a whole
(b) It speaks of morality and social order
(c) Superego is thoroughly developed by Parental rewards & parents
(d) All the above
Ans. (d)
110. ‘Generalized others’ of Mead is meant-
(a) Parents of the children
(b) Family members
(c) Community as a whole
(d) Nothing can be said of it
Ans. (c)
111. According to G.H. Mead, the child firstly learns to responds to his-
(a) Generalised others
(b) Significant others
(c) Himself
(d) Society as a whole
Ans. (b)
112. When the secondary sexual characters appear in boys and girls showing as inclination of freedom indication towards opposite sex and a feeling they ensure from Parental case is that of his-
(a) Oral stage
(b) Anal Stage
(c) Oedipal stage
(d) Adolescence
Ans. (d)
113. The child when become aware of his membership is the family and his social roles assigned to and expected of him is according to Freud-
(a) Oral Stage
(b) Anal Stage
(c) Oedipal Stage
(d) Adolescence
Ans. (c)
114. The concept of looking self-glass means-
(a) A man’s seeing himself in to a mirror
(b) Self-evaluation in the period of crisis
(c) The individual’s imagination of how others see him or her
(d) All the above
Ans. (c)
115. What name is associated with the theory of looking self-glass?
(a) C.H. Cooley
(b) G.H. Mead
(c) S. Freud
(d) Maclver
Ans. (c)
116. Talking of different stages of socialization who among the following has brought the notion of oral stage, anal stage, oedipal stage and adolescence?
(a) Sigmund Freud
(b) G.H. Mead
(c) C.H. Cooley
(d) R.K. Merton
Ans. (a)
117. Socialisation is a learning process in which a child is influenced by-
(a) Cognitive learning
(b) Evaluative learning
(c) Effective learning
(d) All the above
Ans. (c)
118. Which among the following elements work efficiently in the process of socialization?
(a) Environmental condition
(b) Physical and Psychological heritage
(c) Cultural heritage
(d) Family pattern in which one is born
(e) All the above
Ans. (a)
119. Which factors do not hinder the assimilation of minority groups with the majority groups?
(a) Sympathetic attitude on the part of the majority group
(b) Misbehaviour of the minority
(c) Minority insisting on its culture
(d) Overbearing attitude of the dominating group
Ans. (a)
120. Integration of a community is-
(a) Acceptance
(b) Assimilation
(c) Accommodation
(d) A matter of adjustment
Ans. (b)
121. Which among the following is not right?
(a) Accommodation eliminates conflict
(b) Accommodation leads to assimilation
(c) Accommodation is a step towards integration
(d) Accommodation is appeasement of an adamant group
Ans. (d)
122. Accommodation is ‘the process in which man attains a sense of harmony with his environment’. Which of the following statements do you think is not correct?
(a) Accommodation follows conflict
(b) Accommodation may result in cooperation
(c) Accommodation is an unconscious activity
(d) It is assimilation
Ans. (d)
123. Immigrants in all societies are at first-
(a) Avoided
(b) Accommodated
(c) Accepted
(d) Assimilated
Ans. (a)
124. The system under which the boys and the girls are allowed to test each other’s compatibility before marriage is known as-
(a) companionate
(b) experimental
(c) indogamy
(c) exogamy
Ans. (b)
125. Which one of the following is NOT a disadvantage of Polygamy?
(a) It creates jealousy among family members
(b) The fullest development of members of the family becomes difficult
(c) Living standard and status of women comes down
(d) The women are treated respectfully in the family
Ans. (d)
126. Who has defined family as a group governed by a sex- relationship sufficiently precise and enduring to provide for the procreation and upbringing of children?
(a) Murdock
(b) Maclver
(c) Tylor
(d) Briffault
Ans. (b)
127. A Nambudri family is called-
(a) Tarwad
(b) Machong
(c) Mam
(d) Delingson
Ans. (c)
128. ______ terms refer more to relationship rather than to kin.
(a) Classificatory
(b) Descriptive
(c) Exploratory
(d) Expressive
Ans. (a)
129. Who calls ‘clan’ a compromise ‘kingroup’?
(a) Murdock
(b) Frazer
(c) Boas
(d) Elwin
Ans. (a)
130. The first woman who called for International Women’s Day in 1910 was:
(a) Margret Cousin
(b) Aruna Asaf Ali
(c) Clara Zetkin
(d) Lucy Stone
Ans. (c)
131. The SAARC Decade for the Girl Child was:
(a) 1961 – 1970
(b) 1991 – 2000
(c) 1971 – 1980
(d) 1975 – 1985
Ans. (b)
132. Changes in social positions with regard to variations in occupations, prestige, income, wealth, power and social class are referred to as-
(a) social change
(b) international mobility
(c) social mobility
(d) migration
Ans. (c)
133. Vertical mobility involves –
(a) change in role
(b) change in occupation
(c) change in group
(d) change in social class position
Ans. (d)
134. ____________action involves a clear awareness of goal.
(a) Affective
(b) Ethical
(c) Charismatic
(d) Rational
Ans. (d)
135. ___________ is a feature of industrial society.
(a) Capitalism
(b) Joint family
(c) Jajmani system
(d) None of the above
Ans. (a)
136. _________ is possible only if surplus is large enough to make it worthwhile.
(a) Reciprocity
(b) Redistribution
(c) Gimwali
(d) Market economy
Ans. (b)
137. ____________ refers to goods, services or assistance freely given to kin, friends and neighbours without any explicit statement that anything is expected in return.
(a) Reciprocity
(b) Generalized reciprocity
(c) Balanced reciprocity
(d) Mutual exchange
Ans. (b)
138. Which one of the following is NOT one of the features of urban community?
(a) contacts are non-segmental
(b) in it there is anonymity
(c) in it there is homelessness
(d) in it there is social heterogeneity
Ans. (a)
139. A fundamental aim of _________ is the closer integration of the rural civilization and urban civilization.
(a) sectionalism
(b) regionalism
(c) nationalism
(d) communalism
Ans. (b)
140. Who has conceptualised the following four factors that prompt migration?
(i) factors associated with the area of origin,
(ii) factors associated with area of destination,
(iii) intervening obstacles, and
(iv) personal factors
(a) Malthus
(b) Everett Lee
(c) Ricardo
(d) Doubleday
Ans. b
141. Population explosion means_______
(a) increased rate of births
(b) high birth rates and high death rates
(c) drastic shift in the balance between birth and death
(d) none of the above
Ans. c
142.____________ in a political system is based on the expectations that those who make the decisions will meet certain obligations
(a) Legitimacy
(b) Prestige
(c) Power
(d) Mobility
Ans. a
143. According to Pareto, all elites__________
(a) decay in quality
(b) increase their quality
(c) become more stable with the lapse of time
(d) gradually gain power
Ans. a
144. Which one of the following is NOT true of Art. 338 of the constitution?
(a) It has made a provision for the appointment of special officer for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes
(b) It says that the President shall be given a report on the working of constitutional safeguards
(c) The president of India shall get the report placed before the Parliament
(d) The report shall be placed after every five years
Ans. d
145. Which Art. of the constitution deals with the appointment of a Minister in charge of tribal welfare?
(a) Art. 164
(b) Art. 165
(c) Art. 166
(d) Art. 167
Ans. a
146. Who criticized certain aspects of Spencer’s evolutionary theory?
(a) L.T. Hobhouse
(b) Karl Marx
(c) Sorokin
(d) Durkheim
Ans.(a)
147. Who differentiated material and non-material culture in his discussion of social change?
(a) Ogburn
(b) Sorokin
(c) Tarde
(d) Maclver
Ans.(a)
148. Which one of the following is NOT a valid criticism against Syndicalist philosophy?
(a) It is unscientific
(b) It is vague
(c) It is negative in nature
(d) It provides guarantee against misuse of authority
Ans. d
149. Wright Mills explains elite rule in _____________ terms rather than in_________ terms
(a) institutional, psychological
(b) economical, psychological
(c) institutional, economical
(d) none of the above
Ans. a
150. In India which of the following was true about caste system in the past?
(a) it was based on birth
(b) it was based on religion
(c) it was based on the ability of the persons
(d) it was based on feudal system
Ans. c
151. Which one of the following is true statement about the schedule castes and the scheduled tribes?
(a) Socially they have been neglected
(b) Socially they are being uplifted
(c) Socially no change is being brought about among them
(d) Socially the society is opposed to their coming up
Ans. b
152. Human society had passed through three stages, namely savagery, barbarism and civilization, according to –
(a) Tylor
(b) Spencer
(c) Auguste Comte
(d) Morgan
Ans. (d)
153. Who of the following supported the cyclical theory of social change?
(a) P. Sorokin
(b) R. Firth
(c) Emile Durkheim
(d) Parsons
Ans. (a)