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This article throws light upon the eight main factors retarding migration. The factors are: 1. Family Attachment 2. Work Place Attachment 3. Suitable Employment 4. Higher Cost of Living and Maintaining more than one Establishment 5. Distance and Transportation Cost 6. Lack of Will Power 7. Socio-Cultural Conditons 8. Language Problem.
Factor # 1. Family Attachment:
Family attachment is a very important factor which stands in the process of movement of people specially in traditionalistic societies. In such societies, people live in joint families. In a joint family, they have much attachment within the family. Such emotional family attachment prevents migration from the place of their residence to other places.
Factor # 2. Work Place Attachment:
Another factor is the nature and the attachment to the work place where people find more favourable atmosphere and suitable work conditions. When people know that they will get more benefits if they leave their original work place, even then they do not accept such migration.
Factor # 3. Suitable Employment:
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Another factor is the lack of suitable employment. When people wish to migrate for better employment opportunities and do not find the same, they return to their place of origin. Many skilled, semi-skilled or unskilled labourers find such difficulties in the process of migration.
Factor # 4. Higher Cost of Living and Maintaining more than one Establishment:
The higher cost of living in the place of new destination prevents people from migrating. When people move from the place of their origin to a new place, initially they move alone without family. If they do not find any suitable accommodation at the new place, they have to bear the cost of two establishments which they cannot afford. This prevents them from migrating.
Factor # 5. Distance and Transportation Cost:
Distance plays a very important role in preventing the process of migration. In recent times with rapid economic development and increased means of transportation, one can reach his destination quickly. But it may prove costly. Therefore, if the place of destination is far from the place of residence and the transportation cost is high, people are prevented to migrate.
Factor # 6. Lack of Will Power:
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Lack of will power prevents people from migration. When people do not have the capacity to adjust to new socio-economic conditions and strong will-power to accept the new challenges of the place of destination, they will never migrate. Under such conditions if people migrate, they will not adjust themselves to the new atmosphere and will be back to their place of origin very soon.
Factor # 7. Socio-Cultural Conditons:
People are reluctant to migrate to such places where they have to face different social customs, cultural traditions and religious attitudes. They find it difficult to adjust themselves to such an environment.
Factor # 8. Language Problem:
Differences in language is a main problem especially in international migration. People migrating to a country or a region within a country having different language are unable to adjust themselves at the new place. People migrating from the north to the south in India face the same problem as in a foreign country if they do not know the language of the place of migration.